The intersegmental glands are made up of several gland pairs in the abdomen, which open up into the intersegmental membranes.
2.
Unicellular secretory elements in these glands empty through a duct into the intersegmental membranes, from which the chemicals are released.
3.
The ergatoid ( wingless reproductive females ) queens emerge from their nest and, like the workers, appress their head onto the ground and elevate their gaster, from which the intersegmental membrane at the back of the abdomen extends.
4.
The wasps oviposit on the dorsal or ventral surface of the metasoma, and rarely on the abdominal apex, manoeuvring their body so that the ovipositor thrusts along the posterior-anterior axis of the ant body, a behaviour which suggests that the wasp aims to pierce through the intersegmental membranes.
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